Experiment ID
| Shell Hydrogen Refuelling Station (HRS-1)
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Short Description
| A mock-up of a Hydrogen Refuelling Station, which includes a brick wall, two dispensers and simplified steel structure representing a vehicle, was designed; Figs. 1 and 2 show the refuelling station from two angles.
Figure 1 Front view of the rig Figure 2 Side view of the rig with polythene film Polythene film is wrapped around the rig, which is then filled with a homogeneous stoichiometric hydrogen-air mixture. The ignition source is spark plug generating ignition energy of ca. 50 mJ.
The ignition location is between the dispensers and the vehicle as described in Fig. 3 below. Fig. 4 shows a schematic drawing of the vehicle.
Figure 3 Sensor locations Figure 4 Schematic drawing of the vehicle
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What phenomena were studied
| The over-pressures generated within and outside the frame were measured.
The sound levels generated was recorded at one position 100 m away.
Video footage from one angles at 0° to the set-up
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What phenomena / effects can be studied
| Over-pressures at a range of distances can be determined, see Fig. 3 for the exact locations of the pressure transducers.
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Instrumentation
| Two types of pressure sensors were deployed. Brüel & Kjær 8103 hydrophones were used to record ‘lower’ overpressures and Kulite Series ETL-345F-375M 4 MPa piezo-resistive transducers were used to measure ‘higher’ overpressures. A video camera was recording the experiment.
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Test variables
| Different ignition locations and the effect on the resultant over-pressure were investigated. The results from one ignition location test are available to HySafe.
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Data description / Data completeness
| All pressure data are available in digital format.
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Data availability
| Restricted to Shell Hydrogen Projects BV, Shell Global Solutions and HSL currently, except for one test, which is described here.
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Source of data / Reference
| Shirvill, L. C., and Roberts, T. A., Designing for Safe Operations: Understanding the Hazards Posed by High-Pressure Leaks from Hydrogen Vehicle Refuelling Systems, National Hydrogen Association Annual Hydrogen Conference, March 12-16, 2006, 2006.
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Why were chosen
| No similar experiments have been carried out, to our knowledge.
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Relevance to the project purposes
| Provide information relating to over-pressures generated during an explosion in a mock-up of a Hydrogen Refuelling Station with a typical inventory, e.g. dispensers and a vehicle.
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Experimental data
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Results of simulations
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